Market-based or Government control Issues surrounding ObamaCare Research Paper

Market-based or Government control Issues surrounding ObamaCare - Research Paper Example Critics labeled PPACA as ?bamaCareto differentiate it from other alternative solutions to America's diverse healthcare problems, such as a fully nationalized healthcare system and improving the current market-based healthcare system (Shi & Singh, 2007, p.ix). This paper seeks to explore the issues surrounding PPACA. A number of authors argued against PPCA, because they assert that it is a socialist intervention that does not fit the market-run socio-economic model of modern society and it is a costly and unconstitutional infringement on individual choices and corporate rights. ObamaCare is fundamentally socialist and does not fit into the market-run socio-economic model of modern society. Williamson (2011) described PPACA as ?ocialist,because it is based on a ?entral planning model,with socialist features of ?ncome-redistribution, economic leveling, the co-opting and nationalization of private enterprises, and the elevation of an elite planning class(p.237). He did not believe that a socialist model can resolve the underlying issues of high medical and insurance costs in the nation, and for him, it will only replicate the 1970s British healthcare issues of poor implementation and poor results. Sultz and Young (2008) highlighted the characteristics of American healthcare that evade an effective socialization process. First, the healthcare system is too large to be managed by the state alone: ?he U.S. health care system is the world's eight largest economy, second to that of France, and is larger than the total economy of Italy(p.xvii). Second, the healthcare system is too complex, because of its labor-intensive levels and the changing, varied roles of healthcare professionals and employees who interact with evolving medical technology and patient preferences (Sultz & Young, 2008, p.xvii). Sultz and Young (2008) argued that the size and complexity of the American healthcare system shaped problems of limited health care access, inconsistent quality, and increasing costs (p.xviii).They stressed that nowadays, the system is more driven by the market than state policies, which only reflects underlying socio-economic paradigms, and so a socialist response to it will not be effective. Shi and Singh (2007) even described the healthcare system as not a system, because it is enormously fragmented. It is ?ragmented because different people obtain health care through different means(p.2). Since it is not even a system, a socialist system will also not work to improve access to it, as well as reduce costs and inequalities. Several sources asserted that Obamacare will not resolve the American healthcare system's weaknesses, because it takes away individual choices through strong government interventions. Atlas (2010) argued that ObamaCare is flawed, because it predominantly eliminates individual choices by enforcing state control. He stressed that ?bamaCare... audaciously [imposes] a strong-armed federal government onto perhaps the most personal of all segments of American life(p.2). He believed that ObamaCare will only reduce individual choices and he hinted that this may have an impact on the ?uperior medical carethat Americans can access now (p.2). Shi and Singh (2007) also did not agree with ObamaCare, because it manifests the growing government control over people's lives. They stressed that around fifty percent of the American public opposed ObamaCare, becaus

Research Proposal - Eroding Dress Standards Paper

Proposal - Eroding Dress Standards - Research Paper Example This research study aims to explore and understand the reasons behind the falling standards of professional dress standards in business environment. Considering above, following two hypothesis are formulated: This hypothesis will test whether dressing standards have changed due to informal nature of the organization. Informal organizations are more open and adaptive to their environment so their practices change due to changes in the environment in which they operate. Managing cultural diversity is one of the key challenges faced by the international firms. As such accommodating the values and standards of the employees belonging to different cultures and sub-cultures has become a necessity for the organizations. Due to such changes, the overall dressing standards might have changed over the period of time. Research design and methodology is the systematic way through which a researcher can actually test and explore different hypothesis and research questions. By applying different statistical tools and techniques a researcher can actually aim at finding out the key relationships between dependent and independent variables. This research study will be qualitative in nature considering the very nature of the research questions to be explored by the researcher. Qualitative studies are used in order to study the human behavior and habits and as such can provide an effective means through which this research study could be conducted and performed. Researcher however, aims to develop a questionnaire in order to obtain the views and comments of the managers in order to understand their perception about the professional dress codes and why they have changed. The overall purpose for adapting this method is to corroborate the research hypothesis and obtain the first hand information from the managers regarding the factors behind the changes in the dressing standards. The researcher will use the rule of refutability in order to either